ნარკომანია

 

 N                                  Sos! rogor vebrZoloT narkomanias

   

  narkomania  anu wamaldamokidebuleba  aris daavadeba, romelsac adamiani inteleqtis, sxeulisa da sulis ganadgurebande mihyavs. mas ziani moaqvs aramarto calkeuli adamianebisTvis, aramed mTeli sazogadoebisTvis, radgan igi iwvevs axalgazrdebis fizikur da moralur degradacias, genofondis gadagvarebas, fsiqikurad da fizikurad defeqturi baSvebis raodenobis zrdas, eris inteleqtualuri zneobrivi potencialis mkveTr Semcirebas... narkologebis azriT,  wamaldamokidebuleba qronikuli daavadebaa, romelic gamowveulia samkurnalo da arasamkurnalo narkotikuli saSualebebis borotad gamoyenebiT. Mmas axasiaTebs paTologiuri ltolva narkotikuli nivTierebebisadmi, misaRebi dozis zrdis tendencia da fizikuri damokidebulebis Camoyalibeba.  Aaravin icis pirvelad vin moixmara narkotiki, Tumca am moqmedebam kacobrioba didi problems winaSe daayena.

  jandacvis saministros monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi intravenuri narkomanebis (anu walamdamokidebuli adamianebis) raodenoba 45 000-is farglebSi meryeobs, rac Seexeba e.w. ,,spaisebi’’-s da ,,bio’’-s momxmareblebs, maT Sesaxeb zusti monacemebi ar arsebobs, Tumca, maTi ricxvi bevrad metia. faqtia, rom narkomania Zalian gaaxalgazrdavda, adre Tu narkotikebs 35 wlis asakidan moixmardnen, axla mas 18-25 wlis axalgazrdebi etanebian. SeimCneva qali narkomanebis ricxvis matebac...

narkomaniiT gamowveul problemebsa da maTi gadaWris gzebze gvesaubreba  arasamTavrobo organizaciis ,,axaligzis’’ xelmZRvaneli, fsiqologi: dali uSariZe:

  

   -narkomania umTavresad gavrcelebuli aaxalgazrda mamakacebSi, Tumca, momxmarebelTa 20 procents qalebi Seadgenen. iyoSemTxveva, roca 15 gogona gaxda narkomani.Bminda giTxraT, rom  boloperiodSi, aqtiur momxmarebelTa raodenoba miklo, radgan wamali aRar aris maTTvis xelmisawvdomi. Nnarkomanebi, romlebic veRar Souloben ineqciur narkotiks, isini axla alkoholizmsa da sxvadasxva abebis miRebaze gadavidnen. samwuxarod,  qimiurad  aqtiuri nivTierebebis moxmarebiT, saqarTveloSi mravali adamiani iRupeba.Ggavrcelebulia xvadasxva  tipis daavadebebi: Sidsi, hepatiti da a. S.Nnarkomania, upirveles yovlisa, tvinis daavadeba, romelic adamianis fsiqikas azianebs.Aamitom narkomans, iseve rogorc yvela sneuls mkurnaloba esaWiroeba.

-qalbatono dali, rogora narkomanisFfsiqologiuri portreti?

  -yvelasaTvis cnobilia, rom narkomanis qceva icvleba da igi agresiuli xdeba garSemomyofTaTvis. narkotikebis xangrZlivi miReba, xSirad iqceva paTologiuri midrekilebebis, ltolvis, aseve, adamianis fsiqikis seriozuli cvlilebebis mizezad, rac gamoixateba inteleqtis daqveiTebiTa da mexsierebis SesustebiT.Nnarkomani, rogorc wesi, fsiqopaTiuri tipis pirovneba xdeba. fsiqopaTia ki, pirovnebis anomaliaa. Wamaldamokidebuli adamianebi araadeqvaturad iqcevian da sakuTar Tavsa da garemosTan mudmiv konfliqtSi arian. Nnarkomanis qcevis Cveul formas warmoadgens – ganrisxeba, sityvieri Tu fizikuri gresiis gamoxatva. igi darwmunebulia, rom yovelTvis sworad iqceva da yovelgvar winaaRmdegobas, axloblebisa Tu sazogadoebis mxridan, usamarTlod aRiqvams. wamaldamokidebuli adamiani, mTel Tavis energies sakuTari moTxovnilebebis dakmayofilebas axmars.Nnarkomanis faseulobebi Secvlilia, man SeiZleba, wamlis erTi dozisTvis daTmos qoneba da yevelaze Zvirfasi rac gaaCnia.

-bolo periodSi, Zalian gaxSirda e.w. ,,bio’’ narkitikebi, iqneb agvixsnaT es ra nivTierebaa?

-es aris sinTetikuri, qimiuri preparati da gamoiyeneba ise, rogorc marixuana, amitom daerqva Jargonuli saxelwodeba  ,,bio-plani’’. Aaseve uwodeben ,,speisebs’’. saxelwodebidan gamomdinare, mas iolad uyureben, ise rogorc marixuanas. Mmas ar axasiaTebs iseTi mkveTri zemoqmedeba, rom  adamiani uceb cudad gaxdes, daemarTos halucinaciebi, fsiqozuri simptomebi  da a.S.. B,,bio-narkotikebi’’ - adamianis organizms TandaTanobiT anadgurebs. bolo wlebSi, igi momxmareblebisTvis xelmiswvdomi iyo amanaTebis saSualebiT, Tumca axla mkacri SezRudvebi SemoiRes amanaTebis mimRebma punqtebma da misi SeZena advili ar aris. magram gaCnda axali narkotikuli saSualeba, romelic Cvenma ,,vai qimikosebma’’ ASeqmnes.

-bolo wlebSi, ZiriTadad, romeli narkotikuli nivTierebaa gavrcelebuli?

-bolo dros, axalgazrdebis umetesoba moixmars abebs, romelic gamoiyeneba narkotikuli TrobisTvis. Baseve moixmaren ,,bio-plansac’’, romlis dozis gadaWarbebis gamo, bevri adamiani Cavarda cud mdgomareobaSi. saerTod,MsinTetikuri narkotikis mizeruli dozac ki, momakvdinebelia, mas ver uZlebs adsamianis organizmi da fsiqika. is qimiaa da masSi biologiuri araferia. xSir SemTxvevaSi, maTi moxmarebis Sedegad adamiani SeiZleba daiRupos, Tan ar ician garSemomyofebma, rogor daexmaron. sinTetikuri narkotiki cudia imiTac, rom igi aris sxvadasxva nivTierebebiT damzadebuli da masSi sxvadasxva Semadgenlobaa. Aaqedan gamomdinare, samedicino Carevac SeuZlebelia, radgan eqimebisTvisac ucnobia, konkretulad,  ra nivTierrebaa iq wamyvani.  saerTod, Znelia daadgino ra garTulebebs iwvevs kustarulad damzadebuli nivTiereba.

 CvenTan aseve, gavrcelebulia ,,niangi’’ anu dezomorfini, romelic savalalo Sedegebsa da Zlier damokidebulebas iwvevs. MaRniSnul nivTierebas, imdenad didi damokidebuleba aqvs, rom mis momxmareblebs mkurnalobis survilic ki ar uCndebaT ,,niangi’’ Zalin   cudad moqmedebs fsiqikaze da misi moxmarebiT damianebi araadekvaturebi xdebian da ver acnobiereben  Turas akeTeben..

-narkotikebis moxmarebSi,  xSiria  sxvadasxva virusebis gavrcelebis saSiSroeba, ra mdgomareobaa  am mxriv saqarTveloSi?

  - faqtia, rom narkotikebis momxmarebeli virusuli infeqciebis gadamtania, Tumca, am bolo dros, Cveni arasamTavrobo organizaciis  muSaobis Sedegia is, rom gasul wlebTan SedarebiT, inficirebis axali SemTxvevebi, gacilebiT naklebia.  Cven aqtiurad veweviT saganmanaTleblo saqmianobas, Spricebis, steriluri da sadezinfeqcio saSualebebis darigebas. narkomanebs vuxsniT Tu rogor SeiZleba gavrceldes virusi, rogor daicvan Tavi da a.S. momxmareblebSi es kultura ukve Cemoyalibda da Zalian kargia. Cven  organizacia aseve, axorcielebs zianis Semcirebis programas. Pproeqtis farglebSi, vatarebT infeqciebze testirebas, raTa droulad ganxorcieldes maTi diagnostireba.  infeqciebis gavrcelebis erT-erTi mizezia,  ara mxolod, sarisko qcevebi, aramed gviani gamovlena inficirebis da dagvianebuli diagnostireba. narko-politikaSi mniSvnelovania prevencia, profilaqtika, narkotikebis mowodebis SezRudva da zianis Semcireba. Cvens qveyanaSi ar arsebobs srulyofili mkurnalobis SesaZlebloba da amitom zianis Semcirebis programa, swored, aseT pacientebze mimarTuli. Aadamianebs, romlebsac ar undaT, an ar SeuZliaT Sewyviton ineqciuri narkotikis moxmareba, magram naklebi ziani miayenon, sakuTar Tavs, ojaxs da garSemo myofebs. Aai, swored amaze vzrunavT Cven, raTa SevamciroT is ziani, romelic narkotikebis moxmarebas mohyveba.

-Tqveni  arasamTavrobo organizacia jandacvis saministrosTan  TanamSromlobs?

-ra Tqma unda, vTanamSromlobT saxelmwifosTan  kontraqtis safuZvelze. Cveni saqmianoba  aris saxelmwifo programis nawili.  Pparadoqsia, is rom, erT saxelmwifo uwyebasTan  vTanamSromlobT, magram meore uwyebasTan anu samarTaldamcav struqturasTan gviWirs urTierToba. PmogexsenebaT, policia devnis narkomans, Cven ki, migvaCnia, rom narkomani aris avadmyofi da ara kriminali. Gam situaciidan ki, gamosavali aris dabalanseba. rogor SeiZleba ebrZolo Sidss, roca ver midixar im adamianebTan, vinc yvelaze maRali riskis jgufs warmoadgens?! es adamianbi imalebian, radgan maT devnis kanoni da policia..  გამოცდილებამ ნათლად აჩვენა, რომ ნარკომომხმარებელთა ციხეში გამოკეტვა, პირველ რიგში, ძალიან არაეფექტურია და, მეორე, ძალიან ძვირი უჯდება სახელმწიფოს მათი sapyrobileSi შენახვა. ამით კი, ვკარგავთ რესურსს მათი მკურნალობისა და რეაბილიტაციისთვის.

-rogoria statistika, ramdeni narkomania dRes saqarTveloSi?

-  Zalian kargi SekiTxvaa, radgan axla Cvens statistikas ukve mecnieruli safuZveli aqvs da ar aris dafuZnebuli gaTvlebze. regularulad tardeba kvleva da aris mecnierulad sando. Astatistikis SemTxvevaSi, unda ganvasxvaoT problemuri narkomani Aanu adamiani, romelosac aqvs Zlieri damokidebuleba narkotikul saSualebebze da romelsac ar gaaCnia wamaldamokidebuleba Camoyalibebuli. Ggasuli wlis monacemebiT, Pproblemuri narkotikebis momxmarebeli aris daaxloebiT, 40-41 aTasi. Kkvleva 2-3 weliwadSi erTxel tardeba. Cemi dakvirvebiT, moimata damokidebuli adamianebis ricxvma.

N-rogor fiqrobT, ra aris narkomaniis gavrcelebis ZiriTadi mizezi? rogoria sazogadoebis damokidebuleba am paTologiis mimarT?

N-narkomaniis gavrcelebisa da ganviTarebis ZiriTad mizezad, yvelaze xSirad,  xasiaTis Taviseburebebs, fsiqikur da fizikur darRvevebs, sxvadasxva socialur faqtors asaxeleben. sazogadoebis damokidebuleba narkomaniis mimarT araerTgvarovania. zogi agresias gamoxatavs maT mimarT, ar surT maTTan saqmiani urTierTobebis damyareba. sxvaTaSoris, qali momxmareblebis mimarT sazogadoeba ufro mkacria, isini, faqtobrivad, ojaxebidan ignorirebulni da gariyulni arian. maT xSirad, dedobis uflebasac ki arTmeven. marTalia, narkomanebi bevr problemas uqmnian ojaxebs, magram maT gverdSi dogma da mkurnaloba WirdebaT. sazogadoebis did nawils ar esmis, rom narkomania ar aris erTi konkretuli piris problema, es aris saerTo satkivari da erToblivad unda SevqmnaT keTilsaimedo garemo mdgomareobis gamosasworeblad.

--rogori narko-politikaa dRes saqarTveloSi?

-narko-politika, faqtobrivad, ar Secvlila, arsiT aris igive, rac iyo yovelTvis. SiZleba raRac nivTierebebi Seitanon akrZaluli nivTierebebis siaSi, magram es ar aris midgomis Secvla. Asiaxle is aris, rom jandacvis saministros moTxovniT, saafTiaqo narkotikebis SeZena gaZneldeba da receptiT gaicema is medikamentebi, romlebic Seicavs iseT nivTierebebs, romelisganac Semdeg -  kustarulad, narkotikebi mzaddeba. Ees misasalmebeli faqtia,  magram kargi iqneba Tu zogadad midgoma Seicvleba narkomaniis mimarT. mimaCnia, rom unda moxdes narkomaniis dekriminalizacia.  Nnarkomani kriminalad ar unda iTvlebodes. saerTod, didi mniSvneloba aqvs saxelmwifos rols narkomaniis problemis mogvarebaSi. sazogadoeba mxars uWers saxelmwifo politikas da iTvleba, rom narkotikebis moxmareba aris danaSauli. rogorc ukve aRvniSne, mosaxleoba agresiulia narkomanebis mimarT, miuReblobaa absoluturi da am sazogadoebriv azrze dayrdnobiT,  saxelmwifo politika aris represiuli.

amJamad, saqarTveloSi arsebobs mkacri sanqciebi da administraciuli jarimebi narkomaniis winaagmdeg, magram faqtia, rom  sisxlis samarTlis pasuxismgeblobis dawesebiT, problema ver  mogvardeba da narkomani ver gamojanmrTeldeba. wamalze damokidebuli pacientebisTvis mniSvnelovania rogorc fsiqo-Terapia, ise sareabilitacio kursis gavla.  samwuxarod, aseTi meTodi CvenTan ar aris danergili.

 -qalbatono dali, rogoria  wamaldamokidebuli adamianebis mkurnalobis meTodi da ra periods moicavs detoqsikcis kursis gavla?

-saqarTveloSi,Nnarkomaniis mkurnalobis ZiriTadi meTodia: detoqsikacia, romelic  3000 laramde Rirs.   mizerul raodenobas pacientebisa ki, saxelmwifo afinansebs.  Kkursi orkviriania,  magram efeqti aris – mxolod mcire xniani remisia, romlis Semdeg adamiani aucileblad ubrundeba narkotiks. Ffaqtia, rom mxolod aseTi mkurnalobis meTodi uSedegoa.Nnarkomania aris qronikuli daavadeba, romelsac mudmivi movla Wirdeba, adamianma sul unda akontrolos sakuTari Tavi, ebrZolos survils da amas unda erTvodes socialurad ganmtkicebuli motivi, raTa ar gaimeoros es qceva. Bnarkomania bio-fsiqo-socialuri daavadebaa, aq sami  komponenti aris aucilebeli, romelsac Tanabari yuradReba unda mieqces. CvenTan ra xdeba? rodesac adamiani  biologiur komponents mouvlis, anu fizikur damokidebulebas moixsnis, igi Tvlis, rom mkurnaloba daasrula, magram es ase ar aris. narkomanis gankurnebaSi Zalian mniSvnelovania fsiqologiuri komponenti. socialuri ki, kidev ufro mniSvnelovania. Ggankurnebuli pacientistvis Tu ar Seiqmna xelSemwyobi garemo da ar moxda maTi reabilitacia.  maSin, gamodis, rom xels vkravT mas da isev narkotikebisken vubiZgebT sazogadoebrivma azrma unda imoqmedos, politikis SemuSaveblebze da saboloo jamSi, saxelmwifo politikaze.

  unda aRiniSnos, rom narkomaniis mZime formebis mkurnaloba, xSirad uSedegoa,  specializebul klinikaSi gamoyenebuli meTodika ki, im SemTxvevaSia Sedegiani Tu avadmyofs didi survili aqvs adrindel cxovrebas daubrundes. Tumca, gamojanmrTelebis Semdeg xSiria recidivebi.... roblemis mogvarebisTvis mniSvnelovania rogorc saxelmwifos, ise sazogadoebis damokidebulebis Secvla. Ddidi mniSvneloba aqvs jansaRiDcxovrebis wesis propagandas.Nnarkomani Tu mkurnalobis kurss gaivlis da cdilobs gamosworebas, mas unda mieces Sansi srulfasovan cxovrebas daubrundes.

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